At present, most of the precast buildings in China are still used in residential buildings, and a few are used in public buildings such as offices and hotels.

2.2 research status of domestic precast hospital buildings modular design of hospital buildings in China has been developed since the 1950s.

At present, many design institutions have specialized departments to cope with this technological development.

1.

In the early stage, domestic hospital buildings were strip-shaped modular units, single corridor buildings, single space, and 3-5 floors.

are all dry construction.

After decades of industrial and economic development, the precast buildings in developed countries are not only used in residential buildings, but also extended to commercial buildings, cultural buildings, hospital buildings and other public buildings.

Due to the late start and slow development of precast buildings in China, there are still some basic practical problems such as lack of unified standards, limited construction management level, high investment and high cost.

Due to the conflict between production capacity and design demand, under the comprehensive consideration of hospital scale and space demand, the general space is used to meet various functional requirements of hospital buildings, reducing the difficulty of component prefabrication and assembly construction caused by space subdivision.

In 2010, the number of hospitals in the country was 20900, and in 2017, the number of hospitals exceeded 30000.

Main characteristics of precast hospital buildings 3.1 standardization, modularization standardization and modularization are the main characteristics and advantages of precast buildings.

At present, the design theory and practical experience of domestic precast hospital buildings are still in the initial stage, and it is urgent to summarize a complete set of design methods of precast hospital buildings.

In 2016, the general office of the State Council issued the guiding opinions on vigorously developing precast buildings, which pointed out that in accordance with the requirements of applicability, economy, safety, green and beauty, we should promote the innovation of construction methods, vigorously develop precast concrete buildings and steel structure buildings, advocate the development of modern wood structure buildings where conditions permit, and constantly improve the proportion of precast buildings in new buildings.

2.

The precast hospital building adopts the precast construction method, and the processed building components are deployed and installed on the site.

At the beginning, most of the precast buildings were used in residential buildings.

3.2 the production mode of industrialization and assembly industrialization can produce building components on a large scale.

Hospital buildings are different from other building types.

Due to the standardized production of precast building components and the need for repetitive standardized and modular space in functional areas such as wards and consulting rooms of hospital buildings, it is necessary to focus on the standardized and modular design of buildings in the design of precast hospital buildings.

Research background: China is now in the period of rapid social and economic development, and the social security system tends to be improved.

According to the Statistics Bureau, the number of hospitals in China has increased rapidly (see Figure 1).

Domestic hospital buildings are in a rapid development period.

Precast buildings refer to buildings that transfer a large number of on-site operations in the traditional construction methods to the factory, process and manufacture building components and accessories in the factory, transport them to the construction site, and assemble them on the site through reliable connection.

China’s precast building started late, and the concept of domestic precast building began in the 1970s.

By the end of 2018, the number of hospitals in the country reached 34000, an increase of nearly 30000 over 2010.

At present, precast hospital buildings in China generally adopt precast steel structure system.

Functional areas with high modularity, such as standard nursing units and standard diagnosis and treatment units, will have the advantages of precast response, and will not have a fundamental impact on the hospital design in the short term, Local assembly construction requires the design unit to have the ability and experience of industrial assembly design.

Various construction teams can cross work, so that the overall construction efficiency is doubled..

In addition to the wet operation of the floor and foundation, the pipeline installation, door and window installation, equipment installation, etc.

Under the influence of the rapid development of cities, the continuous enhancement of the people’s health awareness, and the urgent need to update public medical resources, there is a huge demand for new construction and reconstruction of medical buildings.

With the practice of a large number of practical projects, these countries have advanced production technologies and design concepts.

After the reform and opening-up, the hospital buildings began to develop in the horizontal and vertical directions.

While ensuring the production efficiency of components, the size of components can be controlled to the maximum extent, the quality of components can be guaranteed, and the overall production cost of building components can be controlled.

Waved Anchor

To some extent, the industrial production of building components is to centralize the traditional decentralized production on the construction site to the factory for standardized unified production, which can shorten the construction period and reduce environmental pollution and productivity waste.

Many places have begun to form a production mode of design, production and installation of industrial precast concrete construction.

Zhang Yuanping, former deputy chief architect of CSCEC southwest design and Research Institute Co., Ltd., said that precast buildings will be gradually used in the medical buildings, but the complexity and uncertainty of large-scale general hospitals are not suitable for the whole area to adopt precast construction.

Since the 1990s, the construction of assembled concrete has gradually replaced the cast-in-place concrete.

Hospital buildings have high requirements for space function and scale.

Research status at home and abroad 2.1 research status of precast buildings since the 1950s, precast buildings have begun to develop in European countries, and relevant systems have been established.

3.

Since the 1980s, precast concrete construction has been popularized and applied throughout the country.

Japan and the United States have been leading the world in the development of industrialization and precast buildings.

The outpatient department is a block type and the inpatient department is a high-rise two-way mode.

In the construction process of traditional buildings, the construction process of civil engineering, electrical and equipment often needs to be carried out step by step, and this construction method greatly reduces the overall construction efficiency of the building.