Investigation and Analysis on production cost of precast building concrete precast components
The ex factory price of precast components not only includes labor costs, raw material costs such as reinforcement and concrete and formwork costs, but also increases the depreciation of factory land, plant and equipment, amortization of intangible assets, financial costs, factory profits and taxes of precast components, resulting in great uncertainty in the determination of component prices.
Aiming at the composition of production cost, this paper investigates the composition of production cost of a PC component manufacturer in one year (as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4).
The proportion of energy cost is small, and enterprises do not pay enough attention to it.
directly incurred in the production of products and the provision of labor services.
Some survey data show that the reasonable transportation radius is 100 ~ 120km, within which the freight accounts for about 7% ~ 8% of the price of PC components.
The average price of precast composite floor slab in 2018 was 3729.17 yuan / m3, and the price reached 3810 yuan by the end of 2018.
According to the project cost information in Beijing, the price of 12mm diameter tertiary steel reinforcement reached 6616 yuan / ton in May 2021.
The on-site installation service fee mainly includes the vertical transportation fee of components, installation labor fee, amortization of special tools and other expenses (including the materials, labor and machinery expenses of some on-site cast-in-situ construction).
How to reduce the cost of PC components determines the sustainable development of enterprises.
The main difference is that the concrete is poured in the factory.
The reduction and control of mold cost and labor cost is the focus of attention.
(2) In the cost of direct raw and auxiliary materials, the proportion of reinforcement in the cost is higher than that in previous years due to the sharp rise in prices in 2021, and the proportion of mold cost is also higher than that in previous years due to the sharp rise in steel..
As a product, PC component needs to be purchased by the construction enterprise.
The number of PC component factories increases rapidly, the change of product price tends to be stable, and the competitive pressure of enterprises is prominent.
There is a process of being accepted by the market and popularized and applied gradually.
Summary: as a product, PC components in precast buildings need to be purchased by construction enterprises.
With the increase of the number of enterprises in recent years and the fierce market competition, the price of PC components is generally lower than the project cost information price published by the government.
In this way, PC components are endowed with commodity attributes, and their ex factory price, transportation fee and on-site installation service fee constitute the direct cost of civil construction cost [1].
The ex factory price, transportation fee and on-site installation service fee of PC components constitute the direct cost of construction civil engineering cost.
Figure 2 shows the fluctuation of main PC component prices and reinforcement prices since 2018.
Enterprises generally have insufficient production capacity, and the economic benefits of enterprises hover on the breakeven line.
The author has sorted out the data of tax inclusive prices of main types of PC components in Beijing project cost information from 2018 to now.
The price change trend of main components is shown in Figure 1.
From the market reaction, it is common that the construction cost of assembled integral structure is higher than that of traditional cast-in-place structure, which has an adverse impact on the development and application of assembled integral structure.
With the continuous promotion of relevant policies of national precast buildings, the application of concrete precast PC components is increasing day by day.
Period expenses include operating expenses, financial expenses and administrative expenses.
The transportation fee mainly refers to the freight for transporting precast components from the factory to the construction site and the secondary handling fee in the construction site.
It can be seen from Figure 1 that the price of precast PC components is in a straight-line upward trend.
Production cost refers to labor, water and electricity, materials, depreciation, etc.
The market price of PC components also fluctuates with the policy and market.
Although the price has dropped recently, the average price from January to September has increased by 30% compared with 2020.
According to the analysis of the preliminary cost calculation results of several PC component projects, the production cost in the PC component cost can account for about 80% of the total cost.
It can be seen from Figure 2 that the price of steel bars has increased significantly in 2021, but the price of PC components has not increased by an equal margin, which shows that the profit space of PC components has been greatly compressed compared with that in 2020.
In the external environment of open market competition, if enterprises want to make profits, it is an important measure to reduce and control costs internally.
However, with the support of realizing the “double carbon goal”, it is imperative to save energy and reduce consumption.
According to the analysis of the reasons, the fluctuation of steel price in raw materials is one of the main reasons.
If there are quality problems such as installation dimension error in product quality, the quantity of work requiring on-site repair will increase, which will have an impact on on-site installation and service cost.
2pc component factory production cost composition and analysis PC component factory production cost composition can be divided into production cost and period expense according to enterprise accounting system.
There is a relatively reasonable transportation radius in the distance of transportation, which constitutes a positive correlation between the transportation cost in the price of PC components and the transportation distance.
1pc component market price analysis the precast building is different from the traditional cast-in-situ construction.
Through the investigation of a precast building parts base project, the author investigates and analyzes the price and cost of PC components, and explores the ways to reduce and control costs.
As can be seen from Figure 3 and Figure 4: (1) the cost of direct raw materials accounts for more than 50%, and the labor cost accounts for the second; Reinforcement accounts for 55% of the cost of direct production of raw and auxiliary materials.
In the long run, improving production efficiency and production organization management level is the core of enterprise cost competition.
The average price in 2019 is 3847.5 yuan / m3, the average price in 20 years is 3917 yuan / m3, and the average price from January to September in 21 years is 4010.56 yuan / m3.
Analyzing the cost composition of PC components and reducing and controlling production cost from the inside are important measures.