With the acceleration of the national housing industrialization process, a large number of prefabricated prefabricated residential buildings have been built and put into use. Based on the traditional interior decoration of residential buildings, this article analyzes the design method of reserving and embedding mechanical and electrical pipelines in prefabricated components of prefabricated shear wall residential buildings in China, and proposes prospects for achieving interior decoration industrialization in mechanical and electrical design..

Prefabricated residential buildings, as the name suggests, are residential buildings assembled on site using factory prefabricated components. Prefabricated shear wall housing refers to prefabricated housing where the structural load-bearing components are mainly supported by reinforced concrete walls. In recent years, with the acceleration of the national housing industrialization process, a large number of prefabricated shear wall residential buildings have been built and put into use. This type of building construction is fast, saves labor costs, and greatly improves the quality of the building..

The commonly used technologies for prefabricated shear wall residential buildings include: integrated concrete exterior wall panels for insulation and decoration, prefabricated stairs, prefabricated balcony panels, stacked floor slabs and other structural industrialization technologies, as well as interior decoration industrialization technologies such as integrated bathrooms, integrated kitchens, elevated floors, and same floor drainage. The application of interior industrialization technology is largely constrained by the form of residential delivery and use..

At present, traditional decoration is still the main focus of residential buildings in China, and the industrialization technology of interior decoration has not been fully popularized and promoted. Therefore, the reservation and embedding on prefabricated structures is the key to current mechanical and electrical design. Below is an analysis and summary of the pre embedded design of prefabricated shear wall residential mechanical and electrical pipelines in this form..

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The electrical and heating equipment pipelines in the rough room are generally installed in place, and only the main pipes are reserved for the water supply and drainage pipelines. Part of the simple decoration rooms are equipped with bathroom fixtures installed in place on the basis of the rough room. In this form, the design of electromechanical systems and pipeline laying basically follow the current conventional practices: underfloor heating, laying of water supply pipeline cushion layer, laying of drainage pipeline in different layers, and pouring of electrical pipelines into the structure..

The key technology of prefabricated residential electromechanical systems is to reserve and embed pipelines within the prefabricated structure. Designers need to accurately locate equipment pipelines during the design phase and generate BIM models together with civil components to provide to the prefabrication plant. Prefabrication personnel will reserve and embed lines, boxes, boxes, sleeves, holes, etc. in each prefabrication panel and wall according to unified standards and drawings..

The reservation and embedding of wire conduits account for a significant proportion in mechanical and electrical engineering. For residential buildings with rough construction, the electrical conduit is basically poured into the structure: the electrical conduit and wire box inside the prefabricated wall are poured into shape in one go with the structure in the factory; When using laminated floor slabs, the horizontal electrical conduit is laid within the cast-in-place laminated layer of the floor slab and still needs to be wet operated on site. The determination of the thickness of the cast-in-place layer of laminated panels should not only consider structural safety, but also the requirements for wiring. If there is a crossing in pipeline laying, the thickness of the cast-in-place layer needs to be at least 80mm..

Optimizing the layout of pipelines and reducing pipeline crossings is the key to electrical design. Reasonable design can reduce the thickness of structural layers, thereby reducing engineering costs..

For the convenience and standardization of component production, the reserved boxes and junction boxes in prefabricated components should be accurately and standardized positioned on the prefabricated components according to the modulus of the prefabricated components. The sockets, switches, weak current equipment, fire protection equipment, etc. installed on prefabricated walls need to be.